Integrand size = 55, antiderivative size = 545 \[ \int \frac {d+e x+f x^2+g x^3+h x^4+j x^5+k x^6+l x^7+m x^8}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx=\frac {\left (c^2 h+b^2 m-c (b k+a m)\right ) x}{c^3}+\frac {(c j-b l) x^2}{2 c^2}+\frac {(c k-b m) x^3}{3 c^2}+\frac {l x^4}{4 c}+\frac {m x^5}{5 c}+\frac {\left (c^3 f-c^2 (b h+a k)-b^3 m+b c (b k+2 a m)+\frac {2 c^4 d-c^3 (b f+2 a h)+b^4 m-b^2 c (b k+4 a m)+c^2 \left (b^2 h+3 a b k+2 a^2 m\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} c^{7/2} \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac {\left (c^3 f-c^2 (b h+a k)-b^3 m+b c (b k+2 a m)-\frac {2 c^4 d-c^3 (b f+2 a h)+b^4 m-b^2 c (b k+4 a m)+c^2 \left (b^2 h+3 a b k+2 a^2 m\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} c^{7/2} \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac {\left (2 c^3 e-c^2 (b g+2 a j)-b^3 l+b c (b j+3 a l)\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{2 c^3 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\frac {\left (c^2 g+b^2 l-c (b j+a l)\right ) \log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}{4 c^3} \]
(c^2*h+b^2*m-c*(a*m+b*k))*x/c^3+1/2*(-b*l+c*j)*x^2/c^2+1/3*(-b*m+c*k)*x^3/ c^2+1/4*l*x^4/c+1/5*m*x^5/c+1/4*(c^2*g+b^2*l-c*(a*l+b*j))*ln(c*x^4+b*x^2+a )/c^3-1/2*(2*c^3*e-c^2*(2*a*j+b*g)-b^3*l+b*c*(3*a*l+b*j))*arctanh((2*c*x^2 +b)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c^3/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)+1/2*arctan(x*2^(1/2)*c^(1/2 )/(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2))*(c^3*f-c^2*(a*k+b*h)-b^3*m+b*c*(2*a*m+b*k) +(2*c^4*d-c^3*(2*a*h+b*f)+b^4*m-b^2*c*(4*a*m+b*k)+c^2*(2*a^2*m+3*a*b*k+b^2 *h))/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c^(7/2)*2^(1/2)/(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2)+1/2* arctan(x*2^(1/2)*c^(1/2)/(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2))*(c^3*f-c^2*(a*k+b*h )-b^3*m+b*c*(2*a*m+b*k)+(-2*c^4*d+c^3*(2*a*h+b*f)-b^4*m+b^2*c*(4*a*m+b*k)- c^2*(2*a^2*m+3*a*b*k+b^2*h))/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/c^(7/2)*2^(1/2)/(b+(-4*a* c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2)
Time = 0.73 (sec) , antiderivative size = 816, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.50 \[ \int \frac {d+e x+f x^2+g x^3+h x^4+j x^5+k x^6+l x^7+m x^8}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx=\frac {\left (c^2 h+b^2 m-c (b k+a m)\right ) x}{c^3}+\frac {(c j-b l) x^2}{2 c^2}+\frac {(c k-b m) x^3}{3 c^2}+\frac {l x^4}{4 c}+\frac {m x^5}{5 c}+\frac {\left (2 c^4 d+c^3 \left (-b f+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} f-2 a h\right )+b^3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) m+c^2 \left (b^2 h-b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} h+3 a b k-a \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} k+2 a^2 m\right )+b c \left (-b^2 k+b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} k-4 a b m+2 a \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} m\right )\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} c^{7/2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac {\left (2 c^4 d-c^3 \left (b f+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} f+2 a h\right )+b^3 \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) m+c^2 \left (b^2 h+b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} h+3 a b k+a \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} k+2 a^2 m\right )-b c \left (b^2 k+b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} k+4 a b m+2 a \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} m\right )\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} c^{7/2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac {\left (2 c^3 e+c^2 \left (-b g+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} g-2 a j\right )+b^2 \left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) l+c \left (b^2 j-b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} j+3 a b l-a \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} l\right )\right ) \log \left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}-2 c x^2\right )}{4 c^3 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\frac {\left (-2 c^3 e+c^2 \left (b g+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} g+2 a j\right )+b^2 \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) l-c \left (b^2 j+b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} j+3 a b l+a \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} l\right )\right ) \log \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2\right )}{4 c^3 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \]
Integrate[(d + e*x + f*x^2 + g*x^3 + h*x^4 + j*x^5 + k*x^6 + l*x^7 + m*x^8 )/(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4),x]
((c^2*h + b^2*m - c*(b*k + a*m))*x)/c^3 + ((c*j - b*l)*x^2)/(2*c^2) + ((c* k - b*m)*x^3)/(3*c^2) + (l*x^4)/(4*c) + (m*x^5)/(5*c) + ((2*c^4*d + c^3*(- (b*f) + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*f - 2*a*h) + b^3*(b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*m + c^2 *(b^2*h - b*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*h + 3*a*b*k - a*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*k + 2*a^2* m) + b*c*(-(b^2*k) + b*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*k - 4*a*b*m + 2*a*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a* c]*m))*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*c ^(7/2)*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) - ((2*c^4*d - c^3*(b *f + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*f + 2*a*h) + b^3*(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*m + c^2*(b ^2*h + b*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*h + 3*a*b*k + a*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*k + 2*a^2*m) - b*c*(b^2*k + b*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*k + 4*a*b*m + 2*a*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*m)) *ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*c^(7/2) *Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) + ((2*c^3*e + c^2*(-(b*g) + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*g - 2*a*j) + b^2*(-b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*l + c*(b^2*j - b*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*j + 3*a*b*l - a*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*l))*Log[-b + Sqrt [b^2 - 4*a*c] - 2*c*x^2])/(4*c^3*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]) + ((-2*c^3*e + c^2*(b* g + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*g + 2*a*j) + b^2*(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*l - c*(b^2* j + b*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*j + 3*a*b*l + a*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*l))*Log[b + Sqrt [b^2 - 4*a*c] + 2*c*x^2])/(4*c^3*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])
Time = 2.99 (sec) , antiderivative size = 545, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.109, Rules used = {2202, 2194, 2188, 2009, 2205, 2009}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {d+e x+f x^2+g x^3+h x^4+j x^5+k x^6+l x^7+m x^8}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2202 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {m x^8+k x^6+h x^4+f x^2+d}{c x^4+b x^2+a}dx+\int \frac {x \left (l x^6+j x^4+g x^2+e\right )}{c x^4+b x^2+a}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2194 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {m x^8+k x^6+h x^4+f x^2+d}{c x^4+b x^2+a}dx+\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {l x^6+j x^4+g x^2+e}{c x^4+b x^2+a}dx^2\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2188 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {1}{2} \int \left (\frac {l x^2}{c}+\frac {c j-b l}{c^2}+\frac {e c^2-a j c+\left (l b^2+c^2 g-c (b j+a l)\right ) x^2+a b l}{c^2 \left (c x^4+b x^2+a\right )}\right )dx^2+\int \frac {m x^8+k x^6+h x^4+f x^2+d}{c x^4+b x^2+a}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2009 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {m x^8+k x^6+h x^4+f x^2+d}{c x^4+b x^2+a}dx+\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \left (-c^2 (2 a j+b g)+b c (3 a l+b j)+b^3 (-l)+2 c^3 e\right )}{c^3 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\frac {\log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right ) \left (-c (a l+b j)+b^2 l+c^2 g\right )}{2 c^3}+\frac {x^2 (c j-b l)}{c^2}+\frac {l x^4}{2 c}\right )\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2205 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \left (\frac {m x^4}{c}+\frac {(c k-b m) x^2}{c^2}+\frac {m b^2+c^2 h-c (b k+a m)}{c^3}+\frac {d c^3-a h c^2+a (b k+a m) c+\left (-m b^3+c (b k+2 a m) b+c^3 f-c^2 (b h+a k)\right ) x^2-a b^2 m}{c^3 \left (c x^4+b x^2+a\right )}\right )dx+\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \left (-c^2 (2 a j+b g)+b c (3 a l+b j)+b^3 (-l)+2 c^3 e\right )}{c^3 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\frac {\log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right ) \left (-c (a l+b j)+b^2 l+c^2 g\right )}{2 c^3}+\frac {x^2 (c j-b l)}{c^2}+\frac {l x^4}{2 c}\right )\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2009 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right ) \left (\frac {c^2 \left (2 a^2 m+3 a b k+b^2 h\right )-b^2 c (4 a m+b k)-c^3 (2 a h+b f)+b^4 m+2 c^4 d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-c^2 (a k+b h)+b c (2 a m+b k)+b^3 (-m)+c^3 f\right )}{\sqrt {2} c^{7/2} \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ) \left (-\frac {c^2 \left (2 a^2 m+3 a b k+b^2 h\right )-b^2 c (4 a m+b k)-c^3 (2 a h+b f)+b^4 m+2 c^4 d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-c^2 (a k+b h)+b c (2 a m+b k)+b^3 (-m)+c^3 f\right )}{\sqrt {2} c^{7/2} \sqrt {\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}}+\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \left (-c^2 (2 a j+b g)+b c (3 a l+b j)+b^3 (-l)+2 c^3 e\right )}{c^3 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\frac {\log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right ) \left (-c (a l+b j)+b^2 l+c^2 g\right )}{2 c^3}+\frac {x^2 (c j-b l)}{c^2}+\frac {l x^4}{2 c}\right )+\frac {x \left (-c (a m+b k)+b^2 m+c^2 h\right )}{c^3}+\frac {x^3 (c k-b m)}{3 c^2}+\frac {m x^5}{5 c}\) |
((c^2*h + b^2*m - c*(b*k + a*m))*x)/c^3 + ((c*k - b*m)*x^3)/(3*c^2) + (m*x ^5)/(5*c) + ((c^3*f - c^2*(b*h + a*k) - b^3*m + b*c*(b*k + 2*a*m) + (2*c^4 *d - c^3*(b*f + 2*a*h) + b^4*m - b^2*c*(b*k + 4*a*m) + c^2*(b^2*h + 3*a*b* k + 2*a^2*m))/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b - Sqrt[ b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*c^(7/2)*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) + ((c^3*f - c^2*(b*h + a*k) - b^3*m + b*c*(b*k + 2*a*m) - (2*c^4*d - c^3*(b*f + 2*a*h) + b^4*m - b^2*c*(b*k + 4*a*m) + c^2*(b^2*h + 3*a*b*k + 2*a^2*m))/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[ 2]*c^(7/2)*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) + (((c*j - b*l)*x^2)/c^2 + (l*x^4) /(2*c) - ((2*c^3*e - c^2*(b*g + 2*a*j) - b^3*l + b*c*(b*j + 3*a*l))*ArcTan h[(b + 2*c*x^2)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])/(c^3*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]) + ((c^2*g + b^ 2*l - c*(b*j + a*l))*Log[a + b*x^2 + c*x^4])/(2*c^3))/2
3.1.25.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[(Pq_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Int[Expand Integrand[Pq*(a + b*x + c*x^2)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && PolyQ[Pq , x] && IGtQ[p, -2]
Int[(Pq_)*(x_)^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4)^(p_), x_Symbol] : > Simp[1/2 Subst[Int[x^((m - 1)/2)*SubstFor[x^2, Pq, x]*(a + b*x + c*x^2) ^p, x], x, x^2], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && PolyQ[Pq, x^2] && IntegerQ [(m - 1)/2]
Int[(Pn_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Module[{n = Expon[Pn, x], k}, Int[Sum[Coeff[Pn, x, 2*k]*x^(2*k), {k, 0, n/2}]*(a + b *x^2 + c*x^4)^p, x] + Int[x*Sum[Coeff[Pn, x, 2*k + 1]*x^(2*k), {k, 0, (n - 1)/2}]*(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)^p, x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && PolyQ[Pn, x] && !PolyQ[Pn, x^2]
Int[(Px_)/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> Int[ExpandInte grand[Px/(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && PolyQ[Px, x^ 2] && Expon[Px, x^2] > 1
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.
Time = 0.76 (sec) , antiderivative size = 246, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.45
| method | result | size |
| risch | \(\frac {m \,x^{5}}{5 c}+\frac {l \,x^{4}}{4 c}-\frac {b m \,x^{3}}{3 c^{2}}+\frac {k \,x^{3}}{3 c}-\frac {b l \,x^{2}}{2 c^{2}}+\frac {j \,x^{2}}{2 c}-\frac {a m x}{c^{2}}+\frac {b^{2} m x}{c^{3}}-\frac {b k x}{c^{2}}+\frac {h x}{c}+\frac {\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (c \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+\textit {\_Z}^{2} b +a \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (c \left (-a c l +b^{2} l -b c j +c^{2} g \right ) \textit {\_R}^{3}+\textit {\_R}^{2} \left (2 a b c m -a \,c^{2} k -b^{3} m +b^{2} c k -b \,c^{2} h +c^{3} f \right )+c \left (a b l -a c j +e \,c^{2}\right ) \textit {\_R} +a^{2} c m -a \,b^{2} m +a b c k -a \,c^{2} h +c^{3} d \right ) \ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{2 c \,\textit {\_R}^{3}+\textit {\_R} b}}{2 c^{3}}\) | \(246\) |
| default | \(-\frac {-\frac {1}{5} m \,x^{5} c^{2}-\frac {1}{4} l \,x^{4} c^{2}+\frac {1}{3} b c m \,x^{3}-\frac {1}{3} c^{2} k \,x^{3}+\frac {1}{2} b c l \,x^{2}-\frac {1}{2} c^{2} j \,x^{2}+a c m x -b^{2} m x +b c k x -c^{2} h x}{c^{3}}+\frac {-\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, \left (\frac {\left (-\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, a \,c^{2} l +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b^{2} c l -\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b \,c^{2} j +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, c^{3} g -3 a b \,c^{2} l +2 a \,c^{3} j +b^{3} c l -b^{2} c^{2} j +b \,c^{3} g -2 c^{4} e \right ) \ln \left (2 c \,x^{2}+\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b \right )}{4 c}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, a b m c -c^{2} \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, a k -\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b^{3} m +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b^{2} k c -c^{2} \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b h +c^{3} \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, f -2 a^{2} c^{2} m +4 a \,b^{2} m c -3 a b \,c^{2} k +2 a \,c^{3} h -b^{4} m +b^{3} k c -b^{2} c^{2} h +b \,c^{3} f -2 c^{4} d \right ) \sqrt {2}\, \arctan \left (\frac {c x \sqrt {2}}{\sqrt {\left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {\left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) c}}\right )}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, a \,c^{2} l -\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b^{2} c l +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b \,c^{2} j -\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, c^{3} g -3 a b \,c^{2} l +2 a \,c^{3} j +b^{3} c l -b^{2} c^{2} j +b \,c^{3} g -2 c^{4} e \right ) \ln \left (-2 c \,x^{2}+\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}-b \right )}{4 c}+\frac {\left (-2 \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, a b m c +c^{2} \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, a k +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b^{3} m -\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b^{2} k c +c^{2} \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b h -c^{3} \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, f -2 a^{2} c^{2} m +4 a \,b^{2} m c -3 a b \,c^{2} k +2 a \,c^{3} h -b^{4} m +b^{3} k c -b^{2} c^{2} h +b \,c^{3} f -2 c^{4} d \right ) \sqrt {2}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {c x \sqrt {2}}{\sqrt {\left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {\left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) c}}\right )}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}}{c^{2}}\) | \(829\) |
int((m*x^8+l*x^7+k*x^6+j*x^5+h*x^4+g*x^3+f*x^2+e*x+d)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x,me thod=_RETURNVERBOSE)
1/5*m*x^5/c+1/4*l*x^4/c-1/3/c^2*b*m*x^3+1/3/c*k*x^3-1/2/c^2*b*l*x^2+1/2/c* j*x^2-1/c^2*a*m*x+1/c^3*b^2*m*x-1/c^2*b*k*x+h*x/c+1/2/c^3*sum((c*(-a*c*l+b ^2*l-b*c*j+c^2*g)*_R^3+_R^2*(2*a*b*c*m-a*c^2*k-b^3*m+b^2*c*k-b*c^2*h+c^3*f )+c*(a*b*l-a*c*j+c^2*e)*_R+a^2*c*m-a*b^2*m+a*b*c*k-a*c^2*h+c^3*d)/(2*_R^3* c+_R*b)*ln(x-_R),_R=RootOf(_Z^4*c+_Z^2*b+a))
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {d+e x+f x^2+g x^3+h x^4+j x^5+k x^6+l x^7+m x^8}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
integrate((m*x^8+l*x^7+k*x^6+j*x^5+h*x^4+g*x^3+f*x^2+e*x+d)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a ),x, algorithm="fricas")
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {d+e x+f x^2+g x^3+h x^4+j x^5+k x^6+l x^7+m x^8}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
\[ \int \frac {d+e x+f x^2+g x^3+h x^4+j x^5+k x^6+l x^7+m x^8}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx=\int { \frac {m x^{8} + l x^{7} + k x^{6} + j x^{5} + h x^{4} + g x^{3} + f x^{2} + e x + d}{c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a} \,d x } \]
integrate((m*x^8+l*x^7+k*x^6+j*x^5+h*x^4+g*x^3+f*x^2+e*x+d)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a ),x, algorithm="maxima")
1/60*(12*c^2*m*x^5 + 15*c^2*l*x^4 + 20*(c^2*k - b*c*m)*x^3 + 30*(c^2*j - b *c*l)*x^2 + 60*(c^2*h - b*c*k + (b^2 - a*c)*m)*x)/c^3 - integrate(-(c^3*d - a*c^2*h + a*b*c*k + (c^3*g - b*c^2*j + (b^2*c - a*c^2)*l)*x^3 + (c^3*f - b*c^2*h + (b^2*c - a*c^2)*k - (b^3 - 2*a*b*c)*m)*x^2 - (a*b^2 - a^2*c)*m + (c^3*e - a*c^2*j + a*b*c*l)*x)/(c*x^4 + b*x^2 + a), x)/c^3
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 11830 vs. \(2 (495) = 990\).
Time = 2.10 (sec) , antiderivative size = 11830, normalized size of antiderivative = 21.71 \[ \int \frac {d+e x+f x^2+g x^3+h x^4+j x^5+k x^6+l x^7+m x^8}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
integrate((m*x^8+l*x^7+k*x^6+j*x^5+h*x^4+g*x^3+f*x^2+e*x+d)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a ),x, algorithm="giac")
1/8*((2*b^4*c^5 - 16*a*b^2*c^6 + 32*a^2*c^7 - sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sq rt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^4*c^3 + 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b *c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^2*c^4 + 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^3*c^4 - 16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a^2*c^5 - 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt (b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b*c^5 - sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^2*c^5 + 4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a *c)*c)*a*c^6 - 2*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*b^2*c^5 + 8*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*a*c^6)*c^2*f - (2 *b^5*c^4 - 16*a*b^3*c^5 + 32*a^2*b*c^6 - sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b* c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^5*c^2 + 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^3*c^3 + 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sq rt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^4*c^3 - 16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt( b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a^2*b*c^4 - 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^ 2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^2*c^4 - sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^3*c^4 + 4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a* c)*c)*a*b*c^5 - 2*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*b^3*c^4 + 8*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*a*b*c^5)*c^2*h + (2*b^6*c^3 - 18*a*b^4*c^4 + 48*a^2*b^2*c^5 - 32*a^3*c^6 - sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^ 2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^6*c + 9*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4* a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^4*c^2 + 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a* c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^5*c^2 - 24*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*...
Time = 10.69 (sec) , antiderivative size = 49150, normalized size of antiderivative = 90.18 \[ \int \frac {d+e x+f x^2+g x^3+h x^4+j x^5+k x^6+l x^7+m x^8}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
x^2*(j/(2*c) - (b*l)/(2*c^2)) - x*((b*(k/c - (b*m)/c^2))/c - h/c + (a*m)/c ^2) + x^3*(k/(3*c) - (b*m)/(3*c^2)) + symsum(log((c^7*d*e^2 - a*c^6*f^3 - c^7*d^2*f + b^7*d*m^2 + a^4*c^3*k^3 + a^4*b^3*m^3 + a^2*b*c^4*h^3 + b^2*c^ 5*d*g^2 + b^3*c^4*d*h^2 + a^2*c^5*d*j^2 - a^2*c^5*f*h^2 + a^2*c^5*g^2*h + b^4*c^3*d*j^2 - a^3*c^4*d*l^2 - b^2*c^5*d^2*k + b^5*c^2*d*k^2 + 3*a^2*c^5* f^2*k - 3*a^3*c^4*f*k^2 + a^2*c^5*e^2*m - a^3*c^4*h*j^2 + b^3*c^4*d^2*m + a^3*c^4*h^2*k - a^4*c^3*f*m^2 + a^2*b^5*h*m^2 - a^3*c^4*g^2*m + a^4*c^3*h* l^2 - a^3*b^4*k*m^2 + a^4*c^3*j^2*m + a^5*c^2*k*m^2 - a^5*c^2*l^2*m - a^3* b^2*c^2*k^3 - a*c^6*d*g^2 + b*c^6*d*f^2 - a*c^6*e^2*h + b*c^6*d^2*h + a*c^ 6*d^2*k - 2*a^5*b*c*m^3 + b^6*c*d*l^2 - a*b^6*f*m^2 - 2*a*b*c^5*d*h^2 - a* b*c^5*f*g^2 + 2*a*b*c^5*f^2*h + a*b*c^5*e^2*k - 2*a*b*c^5*d^2*m - 6*a*b^5* c*d*m^2 - 2*b^2*c^5*d*f*h - a*b^5*c*f*l^2 + 2*b^2*c^5*d*e*j - 2*b^3*c^4*d* e*l + 2*b^3*c^4*d*f*k - 2*b^3*c^4*d*g*j - 2*a^2*c^5*d*f*m + 2*a^2*c^5*d*g* l - 2*a^2*c^5*d*h*k - 2*a^2*c^5*e*f*l - 2*a^2*c^5*e*g*k + 2*a^2*c^5*e*h*j - 2*a^2*c^5*f*g*j - 2*b^4*c^3*d*f*m + 2*b^4*c^3*d*g*l - 2*b^4*c^3*d*h*k + 2*b^5*c^2*d*h*m + 2*a^3*c^4*f*h*m - 2*a^3*c^4*g*h*l - 2*b^5*c^2*d*j*l + 2* a^3*c^4*d*k*m - 2*a^3*c^4*e*j*m + 2*a^3*c^4*e*k*l + 2*a^3*c^4*f*j*l + 2*a^ 3*c^4*g*j*k + 2*a^4*c^3*g*l*m - 2*a^4*c^3*h*k*m - 2*a^4*c^3*j*k*l - 3*a*b^ 2*c^4*d*j^2 - a*b^2*c^4*f*h^2 - 4*a*b^3*c^3*d*k^2 + 3*a^2*b*c^4*d*k^2 - a* b^3*c^3*f*j^2 - 5*a*b^4*c^2*d*l^2 + 2*a^2*b*c^4*f*j^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^4*f^2...